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Olga Bancic (; born Golda Bancic; also known under her French ''nom de guerre'' Pierrette; May 10, 1912–May 10, 1944) was a Romanian communist activist, known for her role in the French Resistance. A member of the FTP-MOI and Missak Manouchian's Group, she was captured by Nazi German forces in late 1943, and executed soon after. Bancic was married to the writer and fellow FTP-MOI fighter Alexandru Jar. ==Biography== Bancic was born to a Jewish family in Chișinău, Bessarabia, which was part of the Russian Empire at the time; the region became part of the Romanian Kingdom after World War I. She worked in a mattress factory by the age of 12, and joined the local labor movement, taking part in a strike during which she was arrested and allegedly beaten.〔("Golda (Olga) Bancic" ) entry in the ''Holocaust Encyclopedia''〕 Bancic, who became a member of the outlawed Romanian Communist Party (PCR), was subsequently arrested several times.〔 In 1936, she traveled to France, where she aided local left-wing activists in transporting weapons to Spanish Republican forces fighting in the Civil War.〔〔 ("Olga Bancic" ), at (''Souviens-toi des déportes'' )〕 Shortly before the outbreak of World war II, Bancic gave birth to Dolores, her daughter with Alexandru Jar.〔 She left her child in the care of a French family following the start of German occupation,〔〔("Last letters of The Manouchian Group May, 1944. Olga Bancic" ) at the Marxists Internet Archive (translated by Mitch Abidor)〕 and joined the Paris-based ''Francs-Tireurs et Partisans de la Main d'Oeuvre Immigrée'' (FTP-MOI), taking part in about 100 sabotage acts against the Wehrmacht, and being personally involved in the manufacture and transport of explosives.〔 This came at a time when the PCR, weakened by successive crackdowns, had become divided into several autonomous groups. Similar to Gheorghe Gaston Marin, Bancic was among the Romanian activists who were integrated into the French Communist Party.〔Victor Frunză, ''Istoria stalinismului în România'' ("The History of Stalinism in Romania"), Humanitas, Bucharest, 1990, p.104〕 Arrested by the Gestapo on November 6, 1943, she was subject to torture, but refused to give information about her collaborators.〔 After the arrest of the Manouchian Group, the Gestapo published a series of propaganda posters, named ''l'Affiche Rouge'', which depicted its members, Bancic included, as "terrorists". On February 21, 1944, she, Manouchian, and 21 others were sentenced to death—all male defendants were executed later that day at Fort Mont-Valérien; since a law prevented women from being executed on French soil,〔 Bancic, the only female in the Group, was deported to Stuttgart and decapitated〔〔〔 with an axe in the local prison's courtyard on the date of her 32nd birthday.〔 During her transportation to the place of execution, she composed a letter to her daughter Dolores, who was known under the name Dolores Jacob, on a piece of paper which she threw out a window.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Olga Bancic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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